var/sftp will be owned by root and will not be writable by other users the subdirectory /var/sftp/uploads will be owned by sammyfiles, so that user will be able to upload files to it. In this tutorial, you’ll create and use /var/sftp/uploads as the target upload directory.
There are a number of ways to work around this ownership issue. Note: Some versions of OpenSSH do not have such strict requirements for the directory structure and ownership, but most modern Linux distributions (including Ubuntu 20.04) do. Consequently, it’s not possible to give restricted access to a user’s home directory because home directories are owned by the user, not root. Specifically, the directory itself and all directories before it in the filesystem tree must be owned by root and not writable by anyone else. In order to restrict SFTP access to one directory, you first have to make sure the directory complies with the SSH server’s permissions requirements, which are very particular. Step 2 - Creating a Directory for File Transfers In the next step, you’ll create the directory for file transfers and set up the necessary permissions. You have now created a new user that will be granted access to the restricted directory. The user information is optional, so you can press ENTER to leave those fields blank. You’ll be prompted to create a password for the account, followed by some information about the user. Here, we’re using the username sammyfiles, but you can use any username you like: Step 1 - Creating a New Userįirst, create a new user who will be granted only file transfer access to the server.
For help with setting this up, follow our Initial Server Setup Guide for Ubuntu 20.04. This server should have a non-root user with sudo privileges, as well as a firewall enabled. To follow this tutorial, you will need access to an Ubuntu 20.04 server. In this tutorial, you’ll set up the SSH daemon to limit SFTP access to one directory with no SSH access allowed on a per-user basis. For example, you may want to allow certain users to only perform file transfers, but prevent them from gaining terminal access to the server over SSH. In many cases, it is more secure to apply granular control over user permissions. Though it’s secure and fairly straightforward to use, one disadvantage of SFTP is that in a standard configuration, the SSH server grants file transfer access and terminal shell access to all users with an account on the system. SFTP is available by default with no additional configuration on all servers with SSH access enabled. Although similar in name, this is a different protocol than FTP ( File Transfer Protocol), but SFTP is widely supported by modern FTP clients. SFTP stands for SSH File Transfer Protocol, and is a secure way to transfer files between machines using an encrypted SSH connection.
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